![]() ![]() The eradication of the species is a notable example of anthropogenic extinction” ( ). Martha, thought to be the last passenger pigeon, died on September 1, 1914, at the Cincinnati Zoo. ![]() The last captive birds were divided in three groups around the turn of the 20th century, some of which were photographed alive. The last confirmed wild bird is thought to have been shot in 1901. Fossil records show that it inhabited the eastern deciduous forests of present-day Massachusetts from the Pleistocene Era more than 100,000 years ago until the very edge of the Anthropocene when it was declared extinct in the wild in 1901 and in captivity in 1914: “A slow decline between about 18 was followed by a rapid decline between 18. ![]() The Passenger Pigeon was a member of the pigeon and dove family, Columbidae. We wish to express gratitude for their ancient stewardship of this site, for their continued presence in and preservation of it, and for their vital care of all living things, human and non-human, rendered acutely vulnerable by the forces of the Anthropocene. We are guests in the sovereign territories of these peoples and of others whose names a murderous history has not passed down to us. Among the earliest Indigenous peoples to inhabit these coordinates are the Nonotuck and their neighbors: the Nipmuc and the Wampanoag to the East, the Mohegan and Pequot to the South, the Mohican to the West, and the Abenaki to the North. Later, sometime around 11,000 years ago, humans joined them, following, perhaps, their visible and invisible song-lines, the skein of interconnected routes they traced across swathes of land- and sky. When the glaciers receded at the end of the last Ice Age, birds soon arrived, making their dwellings in or migrating through the corridor of the “Long Tidal River” dividing two systems of mountains. We respectfully acknowledge that the world evoked by is that of the Kwinitekw, or Middle River Valley, a geologically ancient rift valley created by the breaking apart of the supercontinent Pangea 175 million years ago along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. ![]()
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